Energy Environment Natural Gas Drill Site Field Trip COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Energy Environment Natural Gas Drill Site Field Trip COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog On April 27 and 28, 2014, a group of SIPA students, led by Dr. Jonathan Chanis, traveled to Pennsylvania and West Virginia to meet with natural gas industry executives and visit a natural gas drill site.     The purpose of the trip was to talk with company officials about natural gas developments in the Marcellus and observe how this development affects the local community and the environment.   The students spent most of the visit with company officials and they were able to ask numerous questions.   The time at the drill site further aided the group’s understanding of natural gas development by allowing everyone to see firsthand the scale and scope of a drilling operation. While at the drill site, the students had the opportunity to talk with the drilling engineer and other workers. Among the issues discussed in detail during the trip were: The steps necessary to drill a well and produce natural gas in the Marcellus; Average well costs and capital budgeting practices; The impact of “Act 13” being overturned by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court; Lease acquisition practices, especially the complexity of dealing with landowners whose mineral rights have been “severed” by a previous landowner; Drilling location siting practices; The gains in drilling efficiency (and the major decline in surface area footprints); The use and importance of drill casing; issues of methane migration; the importance of base line water testing; Hydraulic fracturing technology and the composition of fracking fluids; industry fracking fluid composition disclosure practices; Water usage and waste disposal; water recycling and “closed-loop systems”; Job creation and work forced management issues; workforce safety issues; Community attitudes toward drilling and natural gas production; industry community relations; the impact of natural gas development on the local agricultural economy; One of the clearest impressions many students formed concerned the significant impact natural gas development has on the daily life of the community.   Each student was able to see for him/herself the significant and continual truck traffic and evaluate how disruptive this movement is to daily community life.   Company officials openly discussed this issue and they reviewed how they attempt to minimize disruptions and work with local government and civic leaders to maximize benefits for all community residents, not just for those who have development leases. *** “This visit was a unique experience and it definitely added great value to our course of study at SIPA. As energy professionals, it is important to understand the magnitude of the positive and negative impacts natural gas drilling and production have on host communities.   We can read about this, but sometimes a field trip says more than a thousand words. I was particularly impressed by the openness of company representatives who responded frankly to the multiple questions posed by the group. However, while the company does seem to be making great efforts to minimize disruptions to the local community, one of the main problems I observed was that the state and local government is not conducting health or environmental impact assessments.     In a future visit, it would be interesting to talk to civil society representatives to gain multiple perspectives on  the impact shale gas development on the region.” *** The most significant aspect of the trip was being able to see the scale of the operations in person. It is one thing to participate with the abstract idea of fracking by studying it in the classroom, but seeing how the operations are carried out day to day, in the rolling hills of West Virginia, provides an entirely different context and understanding of the issue.” *** In the future, the Energy and Environment Concentration will encourage more such field trips, especially if it includes visits with community leaders and local government officials. Post contributed by Professor Jonathan Chanis.   Besides sharing his knowledge and insight at SIPA, Professor Chanis has worked in finance for 25 years most of this time has been spent trading and investing in the emerging markets and various commodities markets, especially petroleum.   Currently he is Managing Member of New Tide Asset Management, a proprietary vehicle focused on global and resource investing.

Essay on Medical Marijuana Should Be Legal - 2958 Words

On July 8th, 2011 â€Å"...in a decision announced Friday the federal government ruled that [marijuana] has no accepted medical use and should remain classified as a highly dangerous drug like heroin. The decision comes almost nine years after medical marijuana supporters asked the government to reclassify cannabis...† (procon.org). The debate about medicinal marijuana has occurred for years in the United States. Though research provides substantial evidence that marijuana is medically significant, the federal government seems to turn a blind eye. Medicinal marijuana should be legalized federally in the United States because it can help a variety of medical reasons like, disease, cancer and other numerous illnesses. Cannabis, also known as†¦show more content†¦Cannabis is also mentioned in the report as an aid in†¦diabetes †¦and chronic ulcers. Other beneficial effects attributed to cannabis are prevention of insomnia, relief of anxiety, protection against cholera, alleviation of hunger and as an aid to concentration of attention† (procon.org). In the 1930’s, a campaign took place to beam cannabis as a powerful addicting drugs that would lead to dangerous drugs and labeled marijuana as a gateway drug (Encyclopedia-marijuana†). With the campaign in effect, America put cannabis on the schedule of controlled substances. On November 15th, 2010 â€Å"Arizona became the 15th state to legalize medical marijuana when proposition 203, the Arizona Medical Marijuana Act, passes by a margin of 4,341 votes out of 1,678,351 votes cast. The yes votes only outnumbered the no votes after the early and provisional ballots were all counted as of Nov. 15, 2010† (procon .org). The most current event to have acceptance of medicinal marijuana was on August 7th, 2011. â€Å"The [Israeli] Cabinet †¦approved arrangements and supervision regarding the supply of cannabis for medical and research uses† (procon.org). The decision of the Israeli Cabinet is in recognition that the medical use of cannabis is necessary in certain cases. The number of people recognizing the significance of the cannabis plant is growing, and with this growth, the American Federal governmentShow MoreRelatedMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal904 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Marijuana Although marijuana is illegal and lacks FDA approval it should be used to treat cancer. Opponents of medical marijuana argue that it is too dangerous to use, lacks FDA approval, and that various legal drugs make marijuana use unnecessary. They believe marijuana is addictive, leads to harder drug use, and injures the lungs, immune system, and brain. They also believe that medical marijuana is a front for drug legalization and recreational use. Benefit that it is isn’t a great treatmentRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1249 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 1, 2017 Medical Marijuana Informative Unless you ve been living under a rock, you have probably at some point in the last few years had a conversation with a friend or family member regarding medical marijuana. Although it is considered a controversial topic, in recent months it has been gaining approval by the public. But it does not come without opposition and arguments. Medical marijuana is a complex subject and still requires more education for the public, the medical community, and theRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1477 Words   |  6 Pagesacross the nation believe that medical marijuana can provide a variety of benefits ranging from pain relief to increasing appetite. Others won’t provide the drug to patients until more significant evidence is presented. The drug has been a topic of debate for many years, but one thing that researchers can always count on is a growing library of testimonials from patients who have legally experimented with the drug to manage their conditions. As it stands, mari juana has had a different impact in eachRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1651 Words   |  7 Pagesmost commonly referred to as marijuana. Medical marijuana refers to the use of cannabis and its cannabinoids to treat disease or improve symptoms (Wikipedia.com). Cannabis contains two active ingredients inside called cannabinoids (CBD) along with the delta-g-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The medicinal and psychoactive effects that personally associate with marijuana are caused by unique structures of cannabinoids. In addition, the major psychoactive ingredient in marijuana is THC, which additionallyRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1778 Words   |  8 Pagesusing medical marijuana for chronic pain outweigh the risks? Medical Marijuana is a topic we have all heard a couple of times in the past years. It has been a debatable topic since there seems to be a lot of opinions on what should be and shouldn’t be legal. Some say its benefits outweigh anything else, and some others state that there is a hazard involved with this drug. There are studies on both sides of the question that demonstrate what appear to be clear benefits for medical marijuana, asRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1545 Words   |  7 Pagesmedicinal utility of marijuana. However, the federal government opposes passing legislation that would legalize medical marijuana because of its potential to be abused or unregulated. The states are continuously challenging the federal government causing complications in legislation in regards to medical marijuana. Because of its history of medicinal properties and accumulating amounts of state and local legislation, the federal government should decriminalize medical marijuana an d legalize its useRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1053 Words   |  5 PagesMedical marijuana, also called cannabis, is used in some places as a medication to treat diseases and symptoms. Many people consider it helpful and harmless making it the most used illicit drug in North America. With legalizing medical marijuana people can alleviate some health problems and help ease physical pain, but it also can bring many concerns, questions, and responsibility. Legalizing cannabis can help many people with their health conditions. There are some advantages to taking medicalRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1591 Words   |  7 Pagesdebated topic on marijuana legalization is widely argued. Whether it’s for medical or recreational usages, this topic is reaching boiling point. The complicity on the legalities of marijuana has reached a point in society where legal usage has been popping up across the country. In the medical sector, studies have shown benefits, and harmful effects in patients. Some physicians support, however some physicians do see health concerns that influence their stance on whether medical marijuana laws are toRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal897 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Cannabis Weed Cannabis, also known as Marijuana has many effects to it. In recent years officials have decided that it should be used for medical usage. They have found out that it helps many medical conditions. Medical cannabis has many things that could cure. Studies has shown that it slows the response time in the synapses in the brain it helps the brain heal. For example if someone was in a bad wreck it allows the brain to eventually heal. Because it is unlike other prescribed drugs weedRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal860 Words   |  4 Pagesthat medical marijuana might be useful in reducing this pressure. Marijuana has also became a common sight in the medicine cabinets of patients suffering from HIV/AIDS and many different forms of cancer. Cannabis consumptions has been known for its ability to stimulate appetite commonly referred to as â€Å"getting the munchies.† Medical marijuana can successfully benefit its patients with HIV or cancer by helping generate an appetite through the use of plant. Researchers have shown that medical cannabis

Intercultural Communication Communication, And...

I feel the ability to communicate with people across different cultural backgrounds is a strength that I have developed over time. Intercultural communication is the term given to communication that takes place between people whose cultural beliefs values and behaviours differ from one another (Buchanan 2015, p. 44). Cultural knowledge that is developed through socialisation and transferred from one generation to the next, shapes the way people communicate both verbally and nonverbally. It influences an individual’s perception of the world which in turn impacts intrapersonal communication; self-talk, and interpersonal communication; expressing meaning in a variety of settings (Buchanan 2015, p. 34; Kreunus et al. 2011, p. 48). When a person constructs meaning from a message, they attempt to understand what is spoken, how it is spoken and the context of the communication (Kreunus et al. 2011, p. 48). Semantic barriers can occur during when people interpret a messages by associa ting the meaning to their own cultural understanding and knowledge in order for it to make sense to them (ibid; Tylor, Kossen Charmaine 2005, p. 271). The following principles can be applied to improve intercultural communication and increase cultural sensitivity; remove cultural barriers; decrease ethnocentrism, challenge biases and stereotypes, avoiding over-attribution bias, be aware of cultural differences to adjust communication (Buchanan 2015, p. 43; Tylor, Kossen Charmaine 2005, p. 269). AsShow MoreRelatedIntercultural Interpersonal Communication And Intercultural Communication Essay1301 Words   |  6 Pagesconcepts, one of which being the differences between intercultural and interpersonal communication. Intercultural communication is defined as â€Å"the process that occurs when members of two or more cultures or co-cultures exchange messages in a manner that is influenced by their different cultural perceptions and symbol systems, both verbal and nonverbal† (Adler et al., 2015, pg. 40). While most interactions seem to have some sense of intercultural aspect due to the great diversity not only in race butRead MoreInterpersonal Communication, Intercultural Communication And Communication1699 Words   |  7 Pagesliving. My friend Vikas, told me everything he had to do and the struggles he conquered in order to make his own successful business here in the U.S. Some things he told be reminded me of interpersonal communication, intercultural communication, an d intracultural communication. He had to have a lot of communication with his friend who also happened to be from India and some new friends and colleagues he met through his journey. Of course there was homesickness and the occasional depression, but thatRead MoreIntercultural Communication And Interpersonal Communication844 Words   |  4 PagesIntercultural communication is defined as when people communicate with one another who have different cultures. They may differ because of their languages, beliefs, values, and behavioral characteristics (Bennett, 1998). The intercultural communication plays a key role in globalization. It will help organizations to have a long-term success if they can manage the cultural differences and intercultural cooperation effectively to conflicts. Increasing shared knowledge and dealing with miscommunicationRead MoreUnderstanding Intercultural Communication And Interpersonal Communication Essay847 Words   |  4 Pages4. Understanding intercultura l communication in interpersonal communication, greatly influence the way one delivers a message. For example, before one delivers a message, they have to take into consideration the receivers culture and whether it is high- or low- context. Knowing the difference between high- and low- context cultures is important. High-context cultures are collectivist cultures, and low-context cultures are individualistic cultures. Collectivist cultures believe that the group’s goalsRead MoreIntercultural Communication Stumbling Blocks By Samovar, Porter, Mcdaniel Roy1267 Words   |  6 PagesIntercultural Communication Introduction According to the articles Intercultural communication stumbling blocks by Barna and Intercultural communication by Samovar, Porter, McDaniel Roy, describe the various challenges that are faced between communications of two individuals who come from different cultures. Notably, challenges that are faced by different people who come from different cultures exist due to the problem of the difference between the cultural norms. For instance, what is acceptableRead MoreDiscuss The 11 Common Areas Of Intercultural Misunderstanding1957 Words   |  8 Pages Case Study Analysis: Discuss the 11 Common Areas of Intercultural Misunderstanding Mirlande Jean-Pierre Davenport University MGMT 535 – Spring 1 2015 Dr. Beverly Pierce June 20, 2015) â€Æ' Abstract Nowadays, many companies have prompted business establishments to expand its network across cultures so that they can keep up being culturally competence in the internal business world (Vennapoosa, C., 2012, July). The importance of cross-cultural competence skill is becoming progressivelyRead MoreEffective Communication Within The Workplace1254 Words   |  6 Pagesbe effective communication between staff and managers from front line managers to high end managers. However, in workplaces all around the world. Employees often fail to address employees effectively and often as a direct result. Employees either make mistakes or purposely choose to disregard orders. To reinforce this statement managers still evaluate that there is a clear failure of effective communication within the workplace still is a large problem. Because of this communication in the workplaceRead MoreMovie Analysis : Crash By Paul Haggis Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagessocial issue or things taught in class. In th is paper I will talk about the use of interpersonal, intercultural concepts, racism/stereotyping and Knapps conflict strategies. The main characters in this movie all connect with each other and they don’t even know it .In â€Å"Crash† taking place in Los Angeles, there are 10 Important characters that all end up connected to each other through interpersonal communication. You have two white LAPD officers John and Hansen, the African-American couple CameronRead MoreDiversity Within The Workplace And How Communication Is The Driving Force Behind It Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesDiversity in the workplace and how communication is the driving force behind it. Workplace diversity can be described as â€Å"all the differences in age, gender, sexual orientation, education, cultural background, religion, and life experience† (Okora Washington, 2012, as cited in Mulkeen, 2008). Another functional definition of diversity is being cultural, racial, or sex-based. An organization’s definition and viewpoint concerning diversity guides the strength of its employees to connect and communicateR ead MoreMy Intercultural Communication Skills Of Multicultural Communications2464 Words   |  10 Pagesvery rough at times. However, the inborn education and skills of multicultural communications were priceless for me. Due to my diverse background, I was able to build a very important ability, which is the intercultural communication competence. This capacity helps one to correctly interact with people of different groups, races, sexual orientation, ethnicities, religions, and so on. In my case, my intercultural communication competence was largely affected and evolved by the four specific aspects that

Criminal Justice Free Essays

Within modern criminal justice, there is no more permanent and controversial punishment than capital punishment. Throughout this paper, various facets of capital punishment, as well as the criminal justice system will be discussed. To begin this research, it is important to first define capital punishment. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now For the purposes herein, capital punishment will be defined as the court-sanctioned killing of a criminal defendant, after that defendant has been convicted through due process of law. While this research emphasizes the modern era of capital punishment, the process as a legally mandated one has been in place since the first written laws emerged from Hammurabi’s Code and various laws that were put forth by ancient Egyptian pharaohs (Morris, 1997). One Opinion on Capital Punishment The controversial nature of capital punishment earns it a fair amount of scrutiny and discussion on the part of researchers. It is for this reason that an opinion on capital punishment is now offered. Because of the irreversible nature of capital punishment once it is imposed, it is essential that capital punishment only be administered in cases where the guilt of the defendant is beyond question, such as a situation where a crime is witnessed by multiple, unimpeachable individuals. This requirement, while quite fair and reasonable, in itself opens up additional issues to be discussed, not the least of which is the issue of what defendants may challenge on appeal. Defendants Challenges on Appeal When American defendants are convicted of a crime in a court of law, there is still an opportunity for the defendant to issue a challenge to the conviction through a formal appeal. Most commonly, appeals will cite errors of law, fact or procedure as a basis for the possible overturning of a verdict (McAllister, et al, 1993). Obviously, in capital punishment cases, the use of the appellate process is extremely valuable when the guilt of an individual is in possible question, as literally, life and death hangs in the balance. This process is aided greatly in the 21st century by technological advancements and new forensic techniques. Given all of the advancements, however, nonscientific suspect identification still has a place in modern criminal justice and is worthy of discussion. Methods of Nonscientific Suspect Identification Aside from the benefits of modern science, criminal justice can likewise still benefit today from nonscientific suspect identification, most commonly eye witness and ear witness testimony (McAllister, et al, 1993). It is through the reliable testimony of what people see and hear that many crimes are solved to this very day. However, as this research concludes, it will be stated and explained that nonscientific suspect identification is only reliable under certain conditions, much like its high-tech counterparts. Conclusion: Most Reliable Method of Nonscientific Suspect Identification Lastly, it is possible to clarify exactly what is the most reliable method of nonscientific suspect identification. As a matter of fact, either visual or audible witnessing of a crime can be the most reliable, within certain conditions. In either case, the reliability of the witness must be rock solid; ideally, multiple reliable witnesses would be best, as is evidenced from secondary research on the topic (McAllister, et al, 1993). In conclusion, what must be understood is, especially in capital punishment cases, testimony must be beyond question, for without solid evidence, the criminal justice system lacks the integrity it needs to protect the public from the worst members of society itself. Bibliography McAllister, H. A. , Dale, R. H. , Bregman, N. J. , McCabe, A. , Cotton, C. R. (1993). When Eyewitnesses Are Also Ear witnesses: Effects on Visual and Voice Identifications. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 14(2), 161-170. Morris, C. (Ed. ). (1997). Capital Punishment in the United States A Documentary History. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. How to cite Criminal Justice, Papers Criminal Justice Free Essays Global Crime Analysis Crystal M. Baldwin CJA 394 March 18, 2013 William Kelly Global Crime Analysis Cybercrime has become a major issue in the United States today. One of the major issues is identity theft. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now Criminals are taken citizen’s identities and start living as if they are really these individuals. The distressing part about identity theft is that the victim suffers from these types of crimes for years to come. In this paper, I will identify the diverse major global crimes and criminal issues that have a global impact on national and international justice systems and processes. I will compare and contrast the various international criminal justice systems and how these major international crimes and criminal issues will and have been addressed and things that need to change in the criminal justice field to help global crime become more thriving. We have to stick together in this field to make sure that we stay one-step ahead of the criminals so that we that citizen can feel more safe and secure while on the electronic devices. I have listed below some of the major global crimes that our world is facing today and the parts of the country where these horrible crimes are taking place. Diverse nation states handle law-breaking citizens different than we do in the United States of America and this is a huge problem. We have certain laws that we have to go by when dealing with a criminal because even thought they have broken the law they still have laws under the constitution of the United States of America. The FBI and CIA are the head of our Homeland Security and they are the ones that are suppose to protect us from foreign countries but the problem is that they are not communicating with one another so the job is falling through the loops. The CIA wants to take credit for all the work and so does the FBI so this is causing our country to allow cyber crime to reach an all time high. We need to come together in this criminal justice field so that we can catch these illegal lawbreakers and defend a wonderful country of ours. Stephens states â€Å"†¢ drug cartels are spreading violence in Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean. The whole of West Africa is under attack from narco-traffickers, that are buying economic assets as well as political power; †¢ collusion between insurgents and criminal groups threatens the stability of West Asia, the Andes and parts of Africa, fuelling the trade in smuggled weapons, the plunder of natural resources and piracy; †¢ kidnapping is rife from the Sahel to the Andes, while modern slavery (human trafficking) has spread throughout the world; †¢ in so many urban centres, in rich as much as in poor countries, authorities have lost control of the inner cities, to organized gangs and thugs; †¢ the web has been turned into a weapon of mass destruction, enabling cyber-crime, while terrorism – including cyber-terrorism – threatens vital infrastructure and state security† (1996). In conclusion, I have identified the diverse major global crimes and criminal issues that have a global impact on national and international justice systems and proc esses. I compared and contrasted the various international criminal justice systems. I explained how these major international crimes and criminal issues will and have been addressed in the criminal justice field. In this world today, people need to realize that we face a transgression wave that has developed into a safety measures crisis. This has to be taken into account, we have to come together, and it must be congested before it spreads even more terror, dishonesty, violent behavior and deficiency. The supporting will of our states is mightier than the voracity and firepower of unlawful citizens. Stephens states, â€Å"Working together does not mean surrendering sovereignty, it means defending it. So let us enforce the rule of law where uncivil society prevails† (1996). References Stephens, M. 1996. Global Organized Crime. Retrieved from https://www. fas. org/irp/eprint/snyder/globalcrime. htm How to cite Criminal Justice, Essay examples Criminal Justice Free Essays Criminal Justice week 1 paper When you think about criminal justice, the first thing that comes to mind is the word, crime. Many people do not understand the actual definition of crime or its relationship to law. Society usually sees criminal justice as an officer making an arrest, when there is a lot more to it. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now Within criminal justice there is a government structure, choice theories, goals and three components that make up the criminal justice process. Many have posed the question of wanting to know if the criminal justice system is actually a system. Using the three components and the process and goals I do believe that it is a system. What is crime? Crime is when a person has created an act or omission against the law. According to â€Å"Merriam-Webster † (2012), â€Å"a grave offense especially against morality. † defines crime. How does this relate the law? Have you heard of the old saying, you cannot have one without the other? Law can be defined as the set of regulations determined by a group of people who decide what is right and what is wrong. When those regulations are broken, it creates a crime. There are two models that help society determine what acts are criminal. The consensus model is a diverse group of people, who come together and decide based on their beliefs. The conflict model, leaves it to those with the higher power. There are different theories on why crimes are committed. One theory would be classical theory, it suggests that crime is committed with individual will. For example; each individual has the will to say they are not going to rob that store or steal that truck. There is a theory that seconds guesses the classical theory and that is the social theory. The social process theory relates to crime being made because those individuals had failure in self direction. For example; if a boy grew up in a home where gang relations were present, that is a failure of self direction because it is leading him to commit the same acts of crime. These two choice theories can have an impact on the components of criminal justice and its structure and process. The government structure applies the criminal justice system and its process components. The government structure includes legislation, judicial and executive branches. According to â€Å"Cliff Notes† (2012), â€Å"Legislatures, both state and federal, define crimes, fix sentences, and provide funding for criminal justice agencies. The judicial side of the government is the ones the over sees the trials of those who are suspected of committing the crime. The executive can apply to the criminal justice system by being the ones that appoint the leaders such as judges. That can help in grand jury and supreme court. These effect the three components of what makes the criminal justice system. The thre e components are the police/law enforcement, courts and corrections. The police and law enforcement are the enforcers, they take care of situations such as booking and warrants. Courts are the ones that submit the preliminary hearing, making sure that the individuals rights are being taken care of. The corrections are those who carry out the sentencing of those convicted. Corrections can be from probation officers to correctional officers for prisons. These three components and what they do are the process of the criminal justice system. Having a strong criminal justice system is important and without any of these, it would not be strong. Goals are a big part of making sure that the criminal justice system stays strong and acts sufficiently. How to cite Criminal Justice, Essay examples Criminal Justice Free Essays As with many chastisements, theories about how police corruption comes about have prospered In many generations. The three theories that are often in evidence in the criminal justice field are the society at large theory, the structural theory and the rotten apple hypothesis. Every one of these theories takes a singular assessment about how police corruption originates and each holds its own right in police work. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now The slippery slope in law enforcement is a moral career hypothesis. Where corruption begins with apparently harmless well intentional practices and leads over time.This can happen with individuals or a department in any situation. Basically the slippery slope is what people call crimes for profit. Rationalization shows corrupt routine in police work. The free cup of coffee, or half price meal or discount is something police rely on a little too much. To begin with the slippery slope has a lot to do with social sex. Social sex is about boy and girl attitudes, and how genetics display ethical behaviors. Banks, Scully Shakespeare (2006) noted that genetics have a number of concerns about the development of public understanding of the science involved (p. ). Recently there has been less attention paid to the actual process of public making of ethical evaluations about novel biomedical issues. . Banks, Scully Shakespeare (2006) wrote that they observed an ethical evaluation where they held ten discussions with different groups of people during 2002-2004, in North east England; they discussed prenatal sex selection and medical issues (p. 2). These disscussions were essential to understand relationships with in a police department. The concept of fallacy is the actual argumentation between two or more people.Fallacies are the types of errors that come up in every day discussions. Walton (1995) questioned if fallacy is sustainable to be analyzed for argumentation(p2)? Fallacy is a key objective in the slippery slope for law enforcement officers. Walton (1995) researched that the framework of practical logic as a dialectical art of conversation between two parties who reason together(p. 2). This is exactly what happens with the slippery slope concept, the officer receives a discount. This is clearly analyzed as an error of reasoning in the slippery slope concept.Business managers want police to eat for cheap, because they believe customers want to feel safe while in the restaurant Walton (1995) wrote about refutation meaning reasoning involving the contradictory of a given conclusion(p. 3). I actually have a personal experience to relate to this subject. I previously worked for a restaurant, where police officers, and fire fighters were the main source of business. I asked my boss why we always gave discounts to men and women in law enforcement, he said it was due to the respect that officers deserve.The actual owner has a personal relationship with the North Las Vegas police department, the police liked the food, and as well enjoyed the service. Me as the server I received well tips in return for the discount, and good service. I see nothing wrong with receiving really good tips for the service provided. This is a good example of the slippery slope theory; gratuities are just a way of saying thank you in return for the service that police officers give. Unfortunately, several incidents in the past years have altered society’s perception of police in some communities.The society at large hypothesis is about the roots of corruption with apposed remedies. The practice of incessant settlements from entrepreneurs can be prolonged to more unsmiling crimes. Delattre (2006) noted that When Wilson became superintendent of police of Chicago in 1960, he told the people of the city that â€Å"the same kind of special consideration that they were buying for small amounts, could, by the same logic, be purchased by criminals and crime syndicates for larger amounts†¦. (p. 79).This is a great example that gratuities in some ways can be a bad influence for some police officers. Basically this theory is the result of the actions of a society at large. Another example is citizens receive goods at regular price, and police officers get the discount. It’s not just the discount, theses goods in return can be exchanged to criminals for harsh crimes. On the other hand structural hypothesis is the actual affiliation that holds the hypothesis. Its kind of like a guilty conscience, you receive something, and want to turn it into something more.Delattre (2006) noted that the police loss of faith in mankind generally spawns individual and Departmental corruption. Corruption is what you call a traditional society, and it does not have a negative meaning. Officers do not start out corrupt, but the irregular behavior and the response to such behavior in the police work starts a corruption cycle. The social structure and political traditions of many countries are based on beneficial exchange of rewards for services rendered and cannot survive in its absence.Basically corruption is centrally involved in politics, and politic relate to the slippery slope. The rotten apple hypothesis is poor recruitment of police officers. This includes many officers that are not well suited for the job within the department. Delattre (2006) noted that this rotten apple hypothesis, critics reply ignores socializing influence within departments and is too individualistic, like the analogous free will explanation of criminal behavior(p. 84) One good example of this when criminals get light sentences, that means that they are weak willed.Delattre (2006) wrote according to an old truth, if the bad cannot corrupt the good, it will seek to drive the good out or destroy it(p. 95). The answer to corruption, likely, lies in a combination of all the theories mentioned. Theses three theories alone are not really conclusive, they are all different. . The three theories that are often in evidence in the criminal justice field are the society at large theory, the structural theory and the rotten apple hypothesis. Every one of these theories takes a singular assessment about how police corruption originates and each holds its own right in police work. How to cite Criminal Justice, Papers Criminal Justice Free Essays I put myself in the situation of the investigators in he TV shows and think of what I would actually do. My dad used to work in the department of CSS for the Texas police Department so I have some background knowledge and terminology of what is going on. I frequently asked questions and I felt like I somewhat knew the life of a crime scene investigator. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now They get calls in the middle of the night and they have to go out to the scene. Let is a very stressful and traumatizing job. When it comes down to the two shows of First 48 and CSS, they deal with crimes that involve murders and have investigation element. CSS is full of trained investigators trying to examine the evidence. They find the missing pieces that will solve the case. â€Å"A criminal investigator is a person who conducts investigations for criminal cases. This person is responsible for collecting and assessing evidence for a case to pinpoint guilty parties. If you have ever watched an episode of CSS, you have seen criminal Basic Carnally Investigation 2 investigators in action. The ones In the real world do roughly the same work, but they don’t always have dramatic cases to deal with. This explains the Job of a criminal investigator and the Job duties will vary depending on what type of crime there is. When It comes to every crime scene, it goes through steps before It Is considered solved or unsolved. If It Is unsolved, they have tried numerous times to solve the case, but had no leads or no witnesses. The steps are evaluating the case,collecting the evidence,analyzing the forensics, identifying the suspect, if you have a suspect, interrogate him/her, then you bring the case to court for trial and lastly, depending on if the criminal investigators did their Job right justice will be served. Most investigators want to put the suspect in Jail, but that is not always the case. I explain the procedures and process of a crime scene investigator because this is what the the show CSS deals with. Though, CSS is not like Law and Order where they interrogate a suspect, go to trial , and show if the suspect goes to Jail or not. CSS has added drama and it deals more with investigating the actual crime scene. It is a scripted TV show and you can tell some of the scenes are over dramatic and side of the road on a highway. It is about how the team of investigators find out the woman was once a man who underwent a sex change. They investigate and go out figuring out the life of transgender. The way they showed reconstruction of the crime scene is how they would picture the crime in their head. They focused on the evidence in the car and they Basic Criminal Investigation 3 tried to find the fabrics in the car if there was any evidence left behind. They find out who the suspect is, but they do not let the viewers know what happens to the suspect. They have the viewer assume. When they show how the evidence is transferred on to a body part, that is when determination and special effects come into play. They show the victim in the crime lab, and they investigate the possibilities f what may have happened. This episode was more realistic because they found the killer in a reasonable time because the suspect confessed. Usually, they would find out the suspect in the same amount of time, but it was unrealistic. SSL makes up more their unrealistic scenes by doing what actual Crime scene investigators do. Watching an Episode of the First 48, this episode was on 9/7/12 and it was about a scene that occurred in Dallas Texas and two friends were walking in the woods and discover a dead body. Let was near the rail road tracks and they call the police. It was ruing May 5th. The body was burned and it had no arms. It is missing the head and hands. The criminal investigator has experience of 19 years. First 48 is based on real life situations and and it is filmed on site, This show focuses more on catching the criminal and investigating what happened within the first 48 hours. This is more realistic because the time frame is actually a real scenario. There is no determination to it. This is actual real life homicides that happen in different cities. The investigators actually use forensic evidence, and witnesses to find the suspect. Though only says 48 hours, it goes on more than that and could even lead into years. The investigate the body and Basic Criminal Investigation 4 they actually go into the scene. They did not show any crime lab or any special investigating on the body. They focused on more investigating the case and how it happened. Watching both shows there are definitely more differences than there are similarities. When it comes to CSS, they find the body to open up the show rather than scene and then they take the body to the forensic lab. They actually take the time to observe the body and find out possibilities and theories of what could have happened in the lab. That is how they portray the scene by going through what they think had happened. Watching First 48, it actually a whole real life scene. Someone calls the police, they set up a crime scene, and they start to investigate instantly. They take the body to the forensic lab. Both shows are different in a way where CSS actually shows you what they do in the lab, and First 48 does not show you the lab and they focus more on the crime scene. The two shows both have reconstruction crime scene, UT the way CSS does is that they dramatist the scene of the evidence. You can tell that there are unrealistic possibilities in CSS rather than watching First 48 where everything is what would actually happen. Both shows used the proper equipment for the scene. SSL is a lot shorter and the way they find the suspect is unrealistic because they show it in a half an hour time frame rather than an actual 48 hours. SSL leaves you wanting more as well as First 48, but First 48 will always be in favor of real Crime scene investigators because it is documentary based rather and a Hollywood reality TV show. How to cite Criminal Justice, Papers

Left Behind Essays - The Young And The Restless,

Left Behind "Our existence is but a breif crack of light between two eternities of darkness" --Vladimir Nabokov, 1947. Three years ago, my family and I moved to Erie, Michigan. Our old one story home was scooted up to a ranch style house built in the late 1960's. Kay Luis lived there. She was an older woman, around the age of fifty, who welcomed anyone into her heart. About three months ago, Kay died of leukemia. She left behind her house on Cambridge street in Trenton, Michigan. My grandparents, who now live in our old home, had become very close with Kay. Close enough, that Kay had left her home in the care of my grandma and grandpa. Because of their low income, my grandparents decided to sell Kay's home. Before they put it up for sale, they let me tour the house that I had played in as a child. As soon as I walked in the front door, I realized that the home was kept exactly like Kay still lived there. Walking from room to room, I noticed the house resembled the appearance, personality and the death of Kay herself. I stood in front of ninteen hundred and fifty- four Cambridge street, the small rectangular ranch home looked distant. I could make out a small indentation of the ancient lawn sprinkler. Both the left and right sides of the house were blanketed in vines which had hidden the damaged brick that lay underneath. Like Kay, the house was aged and the crevices were simaler to wrinkles. The creamy tan paint still shines through yet it is considerably faded. Above the porch, the original crystal clear glass windows acted as if they were the eyes of Kay. She would stand in her windows and watch the neighborhood events. Yet, a bright light seemed to shine from the top window, almost as if Kay was there and very much alive. Still hanging on the front door was a welcome sign. Even now I felt welcome into her house. The first thing I did was lift her cookie jar lid, and indeed left inside was a batch of homemade chocolate chip cookies. Kay knew that chocolate chip was my favorite kind of cookie. She always wanted to make piople happy in the tiniest ways. It was ironic that there were cookies left in the jar. Then in eachroom there was a bed made up with the fluffiest pillows just in case she had an overnight guest. It is a shame, I do not think she ever did. Now, even after Kay is gone, her house is ready to welcome visitors. As I walked through the house I began to notice the small nicks and scratched surface. The den had an older style organ sitting towards the edge. Molding had fallen off the bottom of the wall which left chipped paint on the retro orange carpet. I decided to look in the basement. When I did, I realized that a leaky drain had dripped ice cold water on the tile floor. A basket of laundry stood in front of the washer. Kay hung her laundry out to dry, she could never afford a dryer. I used to help her fold it on occasion. Now though, I can only look at the empty hangers and cloths line, and remember the way Kay stood there with a smile always. Kay's home, old and fragile, may die along with her. Creamy tan in color, welcoming with cookies and pillows, yet faded and chipped. Kay's house paints her way of life into the mends of everyone. At 75,000 dollars, Kay's house sold to a deserving well-off couple. After much screetiny, my aunt and uncle decided the old ninteen sixy ranch would be fantastic with a baby on the way. They not only invested into the home but also the memories of our past neighbor will live

dancing at lughnasa essays

dancing at lughnasa essays How, as a director, would you present the role of Michael in Friel's 'Dancing At Lughnasa'? What theatrical impact would you hope to achieve for the audience? AS with every character, a director must analyse and interpret Michael as they see him and then try to get this across to the audience without making him stand up stage and give them a profile of his and his aunts lives. As a director, I think that Michael's monologue at the Beginning of Act 1 is a key speech in terms of interpreting Michael's character. From reading the text I would say, Michael (who is looking back at his memories) is still a young man, perhaps in his twenties. I think this because his memories are so vivid. When you are still youngish you can still remember and relate to feelings you had as a child, you still understand why you thought or felt what you did. And so, in my opinion Michael (as an adult) should be staged as mid twenties. I also think that it would be easier for the audience to imagine a youngish Michael as a little boy rather than a man of about 45 as a little boy. Michael's speech, for me, does not reflect an unhappy childhood, yet it doesn't show that he was completely happy either. " I had a sense of unease, some awareness of a widening breach between what seemed to be and what was, of things changing too quickly before my eyes, of becoming what they ought not to be." I see Michael perfectly content with his surroundings. Nothing within the play makes me conclude that being brought up by five women and no father has affected him in any way. It seems that he would react to things as any normal boy of seven would. This part of Michael's character really needs to be conveyed to the audience so that they have no reason to look at him in a different way to how they would look at any other little boy. As a director I'd want the audience to like Michael, there would be no reason for them to feel sorry for him and they shouldn't absolutely ...

What Is GPA What Does GPA Mean

What Is GPA What Does GPA Mean SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Many students get very hung up on GPA in high school - is it high enough? Will it pass muster in college admissions? What does your GPA even mean? In this article, I’ll go through what GPA is, what GPA means, and how it can help or hurt you in the college admissions process. What Is GPA? Let’s start with the basics!Your GPA is just a way of converting your grades into a numerical scale.The grades that you receive in your high school classes are all averaged together to arrive at one cumulative grade, which is then converted into your GPA.The traditional GPA scale ranges from 0.0 to 4.0. Here’s a conversion chart that shows all the possible GPAs and their corresponding letter grades and percentiles: Letter Grade Percentile GPA A+ 97-100 4.0 A 93-96 4.0 A- 90-92 3.7 B+ 87-89 3.3 B 83-86 3.0 B- 80-82 2.7 C+ 77-79 2.3 C 73-76 2.0 C- 70-72 1.7 D+ 67-69 1.3 D 65-66 1.0 F Below 65 0.0 This 4.0 scale is for unweighted GPAs.Some schools may get even more specific with GPAs if grades are given on a scale of 0-100 and not just as letters. For example, a student with a 90 average in all of her classes would have a 3.5 GPA and a student with a 92 average would have a 3.7 GPA. At many schools, GPAs go up higher than 4.0 because they use a weighted scale.A weighted GPA takes into account the difficulty of a student’s coursework, not just their grades.For example, a student who gets all As in lower level classes will earn a 4.0, while a student who gets all As in the most challenging classes will earn a 5.0. Different high schools have different standards for what counts as a "challenging" course, but this usually means AP classes if your school offers them or Honors classes if not. Colleges use GPA as a measure of your engagement in learning and willingness to work hard to meet academic standards and expand your knowledge.GPA is very important because it provides a comprehensive look at your academic strengths and weaknesses and ability to challenge yourself.GPA and standardized test scores are given relatively equal consideration in the application processes for most schools.At schools that don’t require standardized test scores, GPA takes on an even more critical role in your application. How Much Can GPA Help or Hurt You? High school GPA is one of the most important factors considered in the college admissions process. A high GPA (in the 3.5 to 4.0 or A range) can really help you, but it depends on the circumstances. Your High GPA Will Be a Big Asset If: You Earned It in High-Level Classes Above all, colleges want to see that you're willing to challenge yourself intellectually.If you managed to earn a high GPA while taking difficult courses, this will show them that you’re both intelligent and driven.Even if you took easier classes at the beginning of high school and then went on to take more challenging ones later,your course record will demonstrate that you're engaged in learning and willing to push yourself. Your Standardized Test Scores are Just OK If you aren't a great test taker and didn’t get awesome scores on the SAT or ACT, your GPA will help you to rise above the crowd despite this.More and more schools are starting to see GPA is a more reliable metric than standardized tests for judging academic potential.A high GPA shows determination over time and is the most reliable indicator of a student’s ability to ultimately graduate college. Your GPA Stands out from Other Students in Your Class If very few other students at your school achieved a GPA similar to yours, this indicates that you were willing to go above and beyond to get high grades in difficult classes. Your High GPA Won't Matter As Much If: You Earned It in Easy Classes You may have a 4.0, but if you took the easiest classes available to get it, colleges won’t look as favorably upon your application.If you think about it, it makes a lot of sense - colleges are looking for students who are willing to apply themselves and make full use of the resources they're given.If you just go for the easy A, you won't make a good impression. Your Standardized Test Scores Are Very Low Even if you earn a very high GPA, if your standardized test scores are average or below average, you might have problems.This is still one of the most important factors colleges consider besides GPA, so you shouldn't take these tests lightly.If you study diligently, you should be able to boost your scoreseven if you don’t consider yourself a great test taker. Many Other Students Have Similar GPAs If your GPA doesn’t stand out from the pack, this points to grade inflation at your high school (high grades for work that might not fully deserve them).This is a problem at many schools, and is really frustrating for students who are high-achieving but can’t stand out because of low standards.This might not be as much as a problem as the other factors because admissions officers will know whether or not your school has this issue and will take it into account when looking at your record.It may mean an increased emphasis on standardized test scores, so you should work on improving your scores if you grade inflation is a concern. "YOU get a 4.0 GPA! And YOU get a 4.0 GPA! You all get 4.0 GPAs!!!!" Now let's look at the other side of things. With a low GPA (anywhere below the national average of a 3.0), you might think you’re out of luck, but that’s not necessarily true. Though it may be difficult to get into very selective schools, colleges will consider other factors in their admissions decisions as well. Your Low GPA Might Not Be a Huge Problem If: It’s Above a 2.0 As long as your GPA is higher than a 2.0, there will be some colleges where you have a good chance of acceptance. If it's below a 2.0 it will be very hard to get into most schools. You Did Well on Standardized Tests As I mentioned earlier, standardized tests are the most important thing colleges will consider apart from your GPA.If you do extremely well, they will be more likely to give you a chance despite your low GPA.Studying for standardized tests and improving your scores is much easier than improving your GPA, so if your GPA isn’t where you want it to be, try to focus on score improvement to get the most bang for your buck in the college admissions process. You Challenged Yourself If your GPA is on the lower side, but you earned it in difficult classes or challenged yourself more and more over the course of high school, colleges will take this into account.Your GPA itself is less important than the road you took to get there. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Can GPA Be Improved? It's difficult to improve your GPA because it's the average of all your grades over the course of high school. If you end up with a C average your freshman year, for example, you could technically bring it up to a B+ average by the end of your junior year if you earned A averages during your sophomore and junior years. If you have a C average for both your freshman and sophomore years, the best you'll be able to do is a B- because the Cs from the first two years of high school will bring down your average so much. That's not to mention that going from a C average to an A average in all classes is not something that most people can manage since it requires such a drastic change in study habits and motivation. That being said,if you’re only in the first half of high school, you still have a fair amount of time to make some changes and show colleges a trend towards better grades. You Can Improve Your GPA By: Asking for Extra Help This is always a smart choice if you feel yourself falling behind in a class.As soon as you start to struggle, ask for clarification so you don’t end up getting totally lost.You might just need things to be explained a different way! Reassessing Your Study Habits Your problems may also be related to procrastination of lack of studying.These bad habits are difficult to change, but it’s really important to step back and fix fundamental problems like this that are holding you back before they get out of hand. Challenging Yourself More This may seem paradoxical, and I would only advocate it if you have a very good GPA in low level classes.Your GPA will look better to colleges if you work harder for it, so you should be proactive about pursuing more challenging coursework.Even if your grades end up slightly lower, moving up a level shows that you were willing to push yourself outside your comfort zone for a more productive learning experience. On the flip side of this, if you're in a situation where a class is extremely difficult for you and your grades are unsalvageable, you should consider dropping it so that you don't end up with an F on your transcript. If it’s already your junior year and you don’t have much time left to make improvements, you should focus more on standardized testing. With a few months of dedicated studying, you can significantly raise your scores and increase your chances of college admission.The main thing for GPA is to start out strong and finish up stronger; with the way averages work, it’s hard to make significant changes later on. Earning a good GPA is like running a cross country race. It's pretty painful and you have to maintain a strong pace throughout, but in the end it's worth it because of the sense of accomplishment. Yes, I used to run cross country, and yes, it was the worst. Conclusion A regular unweighted GPA is measured on a scale of 0 to 4.0.Your GPA may be weighted, which means it goes up higher (usually up to a 5.0 but some schools have an even bigger scale).Weighted GPAs take course difficulty into account apart from grades so that students in high level classes earn GPAs that reflect the difficulty of the courses they take.College admissions officers will use your GPA to judge whether you are prepared for college coursework and are truly engaged in learning. Your GPA can help you a lot in college admissions if it’s in the A range, or above a 3.5, but that often depends on the difficulty of your coursework, your class rank, and the quality of your standardized test scores.If your GPA is especially low, focus on improving your standardized test scores and make an effort to bring up your grades by asking for help and fixing any bad habits you’ve fallen into.Your GPA is one of the most crucial aspects of your college application, so if you feel like things aren’t going well in your classes, speak up! What's Next? Working on raising your standardized test scores alongside your GPA? Take a look at some of our best tips for the SAT and the ACT. Your GPA is one of the most important components of your college application, but there are also a lot of other things you should consider if you're aiming for the best schools in the country. Find out how you can increase your chances of acceptance at very selective schools. If you're starting to look at colleges, check out this guide on how to choose schools that are right for you! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: